{"dataType": "CVE_RECORD", "dataVersion": "5.2", "cveMetadata": {"cveId": "CVE-2026-18439", "assignerOrgId": "b15e7b5b-3da4-40ae-a43c-f7aa60e62599", "state": "PUBLISHED", "assignerShortName": "Wordfence", "dateReserved": "2026-07-30T20:23:23.648Z", "datePublished": "2026-09-22T07:41:12.011Z", "dateUpdated": "2026-09-22T07:41:12.011Z"}, "containers": {"cna": {"providerMetadata": {"orgId": "b15e7b5b-3da4-40ae-a43c-f7aa60e62599", "shortName": "Wordfence", "dateUpdated": "2026-09-22T07:41:12.011Z"}, "affected": [{"vendor": "themeum", "product": "Tutor LMS \u2013 eLearning and online course solution", "versions": [{"version": "0", "status": "affected", "lessThanOrEqual": "4.0.7", "versionType": "semver"}], "defaultStatus": "unaffected"}], "descriptions": [{"lang": "en", "value": "The Tutor LMS \u2013 eLearning and online course solution plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Insecure Direct Object Reference in versions up to, and including, 4.0.7 via the tutor_quiz_builder_save AJAX action due to missing validation that nested question_id, answer_id, deleted_question_ids[], and deleted_answer_ids[] values in the submitted payload belong to a quiz/topic/course the requester is authorized to manage. The handler only validates the top-level course_id, topic_id, and (when supplied) payload['ID'], but the nested identifiers are passed straight into $wpdb->update/DELETE statements in QuizBuilder::save_questions(), QuizBuilder::save_question_answers(), and QuizBuilder::handle_delete(). This makes it possible for authenticated attackers, with Instructor-level access and above, to overwrite the content and re-parent arbitrary quiz questions/answers belonging to other instructors or administrators, and to delete arbitrary quiz question and answer rows."}], "title": "Tutor LMS <= 4.0.7 - Authenticated (Custom+) Insecure Direct Object Reference to Arbitrary Quiz Question/Answer Modification and Deletion via 'payload' Parameter", "references": [{"url": "https://www.wordfence.com/threat-intel/vulnerabilities/id/6d07c82d-262a-4ac1-9ee5-7ef4d025f66f?source=cve"}, {"url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/tutor/tags/4.0.3/classes/QuizBuilder.php#L291"}, {"url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/tutor/tags/4.0.3/classes/QuizBuilder.php#L156"}, {"url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/tutor/tags/4.0.3/classes/QuizBuilder.php#L423"}, {"url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/tutor/tags/4.0.3/classes/QuizBuilder.php#L430"}, {"url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/tutor/tags/4.0.3/classes/QuizBuilder.php#L781"}, {"url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/tutor/tags/3.9.10/classes/QuizBuilder.php#L291"}, {"url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/tutor/tags/3.9.10/classes/QuizBuilder.php#L156"}, {"url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/tutor/tags/3.9.10/classes/QuizBuilder.php#L423"}, {"url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/tutor/tags/3.9.10/classes/QuizBuilder.php#L430"}, {"url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/tutor/tags/3.9.10/classes/QuizBuilder.php#L781"}, {"url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/changeset/3690454/tutor/tags/4.0.8/classes/QuizBuilder.php"}], "problemTypes": [{"descriptions": [{"lang": "en", "description": "CWE-639 Authorization Bypass Through User-Controlled Key", "cweId": "CWE-639", "type": "CWE"}]}], "metrics": [{"cvssV3_1": {"version": "3.1", "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N", "baseScore": 4.3, "baseSeverity": "MEDIUM"}}], "credits": [{"lang": "en", "type": "finder", "value": "Nakul Chodha"}], "timeline": [{"time": "2026-07-30T20:38:30.000Z", "lang": "en", "value": "Vendor Notified"}, {"time": "2026-09-21T18:52:22.000Z", "lang": "en", "value": "Disclosed"}]}}}

{}

{"affected": [{"affectedData": [{"defaultStatus": "unaffected", "product": "Tutor LMS \u2013 eLearning and online course solution", "vendor": "themeum", "versions": [{"lessThanOrEqual": "4.0.7", "status": "affected", "version": "0", "versionType": "semver"}]}], "source": "[email protected]"}], "cveTags": [], "descriptions": [{"lang": "en", "value": "The Tutor LMS \u2013 eLearning and online course solution plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Insecure Direct Object Reference in versions up to, and including, 4.0.7 via the tutor_quiz_builder_save AJAX action due to missing validation that nested question_id, answer_id, deleted_question_ids[], and deleted_answer_ids[] values in the submitted payload belong to a quiz/topic/course the requester is authorized to manage. The handler only validates the top-level course_id, topic_id, and (when supplied) payload['ID'], but the nested identifiers are passed straight into $wpdb->update/DELETE statements in QuizBuilder::save_questions(), QuizBuilder::save_question_answers(), and QuizBuilder::handle_delete(). This makes it possible for authenticated attackers, with Instructor-level access and above, to overwrite the content and re-parent arbitrary quiz questions/answers belonging to other instructors or administrators, and to delete arbitrary quiz question and answer rows."}], "id": "CVE-2026-18439", "lastModified": "2026-09-22T08:16:39.080", "metrics": {"cvssMetricV31": [{"cvssData": {"attackComplexity": "LOW", "attackVector": "NETWORK", "availabilityImpact": "NONE", "baseScore": 4.3, "baseSeverity": "MEDIUM", "confidentialityImpact": "NONE", "integrityImpact": "LOW", "privilegesRequired": "LOW", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "userInteraction": "NONE", "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N", "version": "3.1"}, "exploitabilityScore": 2.8, "impactScore": 1.4, "source": "[email protected]", "type": "Primary"}]}, "published": "2026-09-22T08:16:39.080", "references": [{"source": "[email protected]", "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/tutor/tags/3.9.10/classes/QuizBuilder.php#L156"}, {"source": "[email protected]", "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/tutor/tags/3.9.10/classes/QuizBuilder.php#L291"}, {"source": "[email protected]", "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/tutor/tags/3.9.10/classes/QuizBuilder.php#L423"}, {"source": "[email protected]", "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/tutor/tags/3.9.10/classes/QuizBuilder.php#L430"}, {"source": "[email protected]", "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/tutor/tags/3.9.10/classes/QuizBuilder.php#L781"}, {"source": "[email protected]", "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/tutor/tags/4.0.3/classes/QuizBuilder.php#L156"}, {"source": "[email protected]", "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/tutor/tags/4.0.3/classes/QuizBuilder.php#L291"}, {"source": "[email protected]", "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/tutor/tags/4.0.3/classes/QuizBuilder.php#L423"}, {"source": "[email protected]", "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/tutor/tags/4.0.3/classes/QuizBuilder.php#L430"}, {"source": "[email protected]", "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/tutor/tags/4.0.3/classes/QuizBuilder.php#L781"}, {"source": "[email protected]", "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/changeset/3690454/tutor/tags/4.0.8/classes/QuizBuilder.php"}, {"source": "[email protected]", "url": "https://www.wordfence.com/threat-intel/vulnerabilities/id/6d07c82d-262a-4ac1-9ee5-7ef4d025f66f?source=cve"}], "sourceIdentifier": "[email protected]", "vulnStatus": "Received", "weaknesses": [{"description": [{"lang": "en", "value": "CWE-639"}], "source": "[email protected]", "type": "Primary"}]}

{}

{"affected": [{"configurations": [{"platform": null, "status": "affected", "versions": {"scheme": "semver", "value": "[0,4.0.7]"}}], "enrichment": {"confidence": 100.0, "confidence_source": "matching", "scores": [{"score": 100.0, "source": "matching"}]}, "original": {"product": "Tutor LMS \u2013 eLearning and online course solution", "source": "cna", "vendor": "themeum"}, "product": "tutor_lms_\u2013_elearning_and_online_course_solution", "vendor": "themeum"}, {"configurations": [{"platform": null, "status": "unaffected", "versions": null}], "enrichment": {"confidence": 80.0, "confidence_source": "inferred", "scores": [{"score": 80.0, "source": "inferred"}, {"score": 100.0, "source": "matching"}]}, "product": "wordpress", "vendor": "wordpress"}], "created": "2026-09-22T09:30:07.670931+00:00", "updated": "2026-09-22T10:00:15.345517+00:00", "vendors": ["themeum", "themeum$PRODUCT$tutor_lms_\u2013_elearning_and_online_course_solution", "wordpress", "wordpress$PRODUCT$wordpress"]}